結構框架的分類是什麼？

結構框架可分為三個區域： 主要構件 （也稱為主要構件）、 次要構件 和連接，它們構成了鋼結構建築的穩定結構。  結構子系統 and metal building accessories can be applied not only to the steel structure projects but also to the metal works of the traditional building, which can enrich the function or appearance of the building. 

主要框架

這初級框架由所有元素組成，這些元素組合起來會將建築物的重力 — 或垂直 — 載荷帶到地基。如果沒有完整的主框架，隨著時間的推移，建築物將無法承受垂直或橫向載荷。它提供了框架的其餘部分所附著的骨骼。由於主框架承受建築物的自重—和使用時的活荷載’s—，其幾乎所有構件都是 熱軋結構鋼。以下項目，用螺栓連接或焊接在一起，形成上層建築：

• Columns: The vertical supports. Columns can come shaped as tubes or with a cross-sectional shape of a capital H, I, L or U.
• Beams: The horizontal supports that rest atop the columns. Usually I or H-shaped with flanges perpendicular to the “web” or main plate.
• Rafters: Also beams, these horizontal members support the roof assembly.
• Trusses and Lattice Girders: Alternative support for the roof or upper floors, comprised of a latticework of bracing metal between top and bottom chords. While the chords bear compression and tension loads, the bracing resists shear forces.
• Girders: Horizontal beams that support floors.
• Clips: Steel plates welded to the main members which provide connection points between members.
• Anchor Bolts: The bolts that fasten the columns to the foundation.

二次取景

二次取景，填寫其中 結構鋼 isn’t 必填項。提供防止主框架扭曲變形的穩定構件，輔助部件也可以有助於結構支撐並提供連接牆壁、屋頂和內部元件的方法。次要框架通常將載荷轉移到主框架。

由於二級結構不需要承受重力載荷，其構件由冷軋鋼板製成。金屬通過滾輪形成橫截面形狀，如 C、Z、U、L 或 V。邊緣向內的特殊捲曲可以使金屬的長度更長。此外，可以製造 12 到 16 規格的鋼板，以符合比基本字母形狀更複雜的客戶要求。常見的二次框架部件包括：

• Studs: The vertical posts for interior drywall attachment.
• Tracks: C-shaped channels into which you anchor the studs.
• Struts: A brace stabilizer that takes loads along its axis.
• Girts: Horizontal stabilizer bars between exterior columns. Wall cladding attaches to these.
• Purlins: Horizontal stabilizers between the rafters to which the roof assembly is attached.
• Eave Struts: The transition piece between the wall girts and roof purlins along the eave.
• Wall Bracing: Bars, cables rods or strips that resist shearing and contribute more lateral stability.
• Flange Bracing: Bracing metal to prevent rafters from rolling side to side.
• Joists: Floor support beams.
• Headers and Jambs: The framework for openings such as doors, windows and bays.

除了鋼框架的上述元素外，一個項目還需要大量的緊固件，一些是常見的，另一些是定制的。

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